{"id":60794,"date":"2024-09-09T14:08:46","date_gmt":"2024-09-09T13:08:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/adfinternational.org\/?p=60794"},"modified":"2024-09-12T11:53:43","modified_gmt":"2024-09-12T10:53:43","slug":"brazil-elon-musk-x-and-censorship-what-you-need-to-know","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/adfinternational.org\/commentary\/brazil-censorship-x-must-know","title":{"rendered":"Brazil, Elon Musk, X, and Censorship: What You Need to Know"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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The Brazilian Supreme Court blatantly violated free speech rights by banning X after the company\u2019s chairman, Elon Musk, declined to censor disfavored views.<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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This story originally appeared in Alliance Defending Freedom<\/a> on 6 September 2024<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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When Elon Musk bought Twitter (now known as X) in 2022, he did so with the stated purpose of restoring free speech on a platform that had been credibly accused of censoring disfavored views. And no matter whether one agrees with everything Musk has said or done since then, it is clear he has taken meaningful steps toward achieving that goal.<\/p>

Unfortunately, many in the United States and around the world have opposed Musk\u2019s attempt to advance free speech. This opposition has become painfully apparent in Brazil, where the country\u2019s highest court is engaging in blatant and unacceptable censorship against Musk and X.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Brazil\u2019s highest court violates free speech rights<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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In 2019, the Brazilian Supreme Court gave itself the power to carry out criminal investigations into \u201cfake news,\u201d defamation, slander, and threats against the honor of the Court. This was a dangerous abuse of power, and the consequences of such a draconian measure have now been laid bare.<\/p>

Fast forward five years, and Brazilian Supreme Court Justice Alexandre de Moraes and Musk have been engaged in a dispute stemming from de Moraes\u2019s demands that X censor messages the justice disfavors. On Aug. 28, 2024, de Moraes gave Musk 24 hours to name a legal representative for X in Brazil.<\/p>

Musk declined to name a representative because Brazil had threatened the previous representative with jail time. On Aug. 30, de Moraes officially suspended X nationwide in Brazil. In addition, he froze the bank accounts of Starlink, another company partially owned by Musk that provides internet via satellite.<\/p>

In his order suspending X, de Moraes said the platform presented a \u201creal danger\u201d of \u201cnegatively influencing the electorate in 2024, with massive misinformation, with the aim of unbalancing the electoral result, based on hate campaigns in the digital age, to favor extremist populist groups.\u201d<\/p>

In other words, the suspension was not solely motivated by X\u2019s lack of legal representation. It was motivated, at least in part, by de Moraes\u2019s fears that allowing certain speech on X might lead to an electoral result he personally would not like.<\/p>

Despite de Moraes\u2019s clear violation of free speech, the full Brazilian Supreme Court upheld the order on Sept. 2. Under the ruling, Brazilians who attempt to access X using a VPN will face a fine of around $9,000.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Supreme Court order flouted multiple laws<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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It takes only a basic understanding of free speech to see the major problems with this order. Once the government begins censoring or pressuring others to censor messages based on vague criteria and subjective terms like \u201cmisinformation,\u201d it opens the door to widespread suppression of any views the government doesn\u2019t like.<\/p>

For this reason, national and international law protect free speech in Brazil, and the Brazilian Supreme Court clearly violated both.<\/p>

First, Article 13 of the American Convention on Human Rights states, \u201cEveryone has the right to freedom of thought and expression. This right includes freedom to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing, in print, in the form of art, or through any other medium of one\u2019s choice.\u201d<\/p>

X is certainly a medium through which many Brazilians wish to express, think about, and discuss ideas. Recent estimates prior to the shutdown said roughly 40 million Brazilians use the social platform. By suspending X because it refused to censor information that they disliked, de Moraes and the rest of the court violated those users\u2019 rights to engage in free expression on the platform.<\/p>

In addition, Article 220 of the Brazilian Constitution states that \u201cany and all censorship of a political, ideological, and artistic nature is forbidden.\u201d But given de Moraes\u2019s reasoning that X could \u201cnegatively\u201d affect elections in 2024 to \u201cfavor extremist populist groups,\u201d it\u2019s hard to read the justice\u2019s order as anything other than censorship of a political and ideological nature.<\/p>

Brazilians, just like Americans, have the fundamental right to free speech, which is why ADF International did not sit idly by when the Brazilian Supreme Court issued its dangerous decision.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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ADF International takes action<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Following the illegal order, ADF International worked around the clock to respond. Within 24 hours, attorneys submitted a petition<\/a> asking the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (which has jurisdiction over Brazil) to intervene and defend free speech.<\/p>\n

\u201cThe state of censorship in Brazil is severe and worsening to an extreme degree, positioning the country as among the worst for restrictions on speech in the Americas,\u201d said Tom\u00e1s Henriquez, ADF International\u2019s Director of Legal Advocacy for Latin America. \u201cIntervention by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights is key because without free speech, all human rights are jeopardized.\u201d<\/p>\n

Musk himself even thanked<\/a> ADF International for the quick and important work to defend free speech.<\/p>\n

While Brazilian officials may claim to protect democracy, they are actually undermining it by manipulating what information citizens can share and access. Free speech is a fundamental right for all people worldwide, and we must continue defending it when it comes under attack.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Brazilian Supreme Court blatantly violated free speech rights by banning X after the company\u2019s chairman, Elon Musk, declined to censor disfavored views. 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